DEFINITIONS - Marriage, Unions and Blessings

 

            Canon 21 states: “The Anglican Church of Canada affirms, according to our Lord’s teaching as found in Holy Scripture and expressed in the Form or Solemnization of Matrimony in the Book of Common Prayer, that marriage is a lifelong union in faithful love, for better or for worse, to the exclusion of all others on either side … The purposes of marriage are mutual fellowship, support, and comfort, the procreation (if it may be) and nurture of children, and the creation of a relationship in which sexuality may serve personal fulfillment in a community of faithful love.”

 

            The Anglican marriage rite appeared in the 1549 BCP and remained essentially unchanged until the 1960s. Modifications since then may be seen to reflect a modified theology. However, the fundamental reality has been constant: historically, biblically and theologically, marriage has been understood to be the union of woman and a man. 1

 

Definitions 2

 

Blessing: 1. Calling down God’s gracious power of favour; Giving thanks and praise to God.

The relationship of two persons is acknowledged as being blessed and accepted by God. This is different than either a civil or religious marriage because it has no civil equal and no legal status.

 

Civil Marriage: The legal recognition of a contractual union of two people, performed by a civil servant.

Two people are married under the law only this is generally done for various legal reasons (such as taxes and health benefits) and because people are in love. It is completely separate from a religious marriage and has no bearing on religious institutions.

 

Christian Marriage: The Church’s invocation of God’s blessing upon a civil marriage according to canon law. (See Canon 21, General Synod of The Anglican Church of Canada for a more specific definition.)

When people are married by a priest, the priest performs both the civil and sacramental functions of a marriage; however this is done only for relationships that meet the canonical requirements of marriage.

 

Covenanted Relationship: A union in which two persons declare and pledge their commitment to one another.

Similar to a marriage, two people who are in love are blessed by the church and pledge vows that they will be faithful to each other to the exclusion of all others, it may or may not include the components of a blessing ceremony as well. However, this does not require a civil relationship to meet the legal requirements of a civil or Christian marriage.

 

Sacrament: A liturgical means of God’s grace, as traditionally defined by the Church.

A physical or ceremonial act is seen as a direct representation of God’s grace on earth.

 

Union: The joining of two people in a loving, committed, usually sexual relationship that might or might not meet the statutory or canonical requirements for marriage.

The secular definition of a Covenanted Relationship.

 

            The Book of Common Prayer (Article XXV) says of Marriage as a Sacrament: “Sacraments ordained of Christ be not only badges or tokens of Christian men’s profession, but rather they be certain sure witnesses, and effectual signs of grace, and God’s good will towards us, by which he doth work invisibly in us, and doth not only quicken, but also strengthen and confirm our Faith in him.”

            “There are two Sacraments ordained of Christ our Lord in the Gospel, that is to say, Baptism and the Supper of the Lord.”

            “Those five commonly called Sacraments, that is to say, … Marriage, … are not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel, being such as have grown partly of the corrupt following of the Apostles, partly are states of life allowed in the Scriptures; but yet have not like nature of the Sacraments with Baptism, and the Lord’s Supper, for that they have not any visible sign of ceremony ordained of God.”



            1 Ronald Kydd, The History and Theology of Marriage in the Anglican Church, a paper written for the Diocese of Toronto’s Same Sex Consultations, 2004.

                2A Working Glossary, Page 4, Report of the Doctrinal Commission on the Blessing of Same-sex unions, Submitted to Bishop George Bruce, Easter 2004.